Barajas T4
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[edit] Introduction
Madrid Barajas airport opened its doors in 1933 and has since been expanded several times. The last and most significant was in 1997, when the Aena Company convened competition to expand its airport. The proposal by the British architect Richard Rogers in collaboration with the Madrid Study Lamela, was the winner.
Barajas Airport is the most important in Spain. It has four terminals known as T1, T2, T3 and T4, as well as a satellite building of Terminal 4, which is known as T4-S. The whole of T4 became operational in early 2006, making the Madrid Barajas Airport the world's largest in area of terminals, with one million square meters distributed among T1, T2, T3, T4, T4-S, four gateways of direct shipment. The construction cost about $7.2 million dollars.
[edit] Awards
The Barajas T4 was honored with the Stirling Prize of the Royal Institute of British Architects, the most prestigious of Great Britain in architecture as well as the International RIBA European Awards 2006, Best Engineering Project 2005 by the Institute of Engineering Spain, the Design Award T + L 2006 in the category of 'Best Public Space'.
[edit] Situation
Barajas Airport is located in the northeast of Madrid, 12 kilometers from the city center.
[edit] Accesses
The road access is substituted by taxis, for which there are three stops in the old terminal (T1, T2, T3) and one more in the new Terminal (T4).
There are also numerous lines of public buses connecting the airport with different parts of the city.
In addition, the T2 is connected by subway to the city center, and from there you can easily access T1 and T3.
Along with the T4, as an integral part of the project, a metro train (in service) and Suburban train (whose service is estimated to take place in 2010) were built.
[edit] Concept
The work is based on three ideas: the corrugated roofing, the paired columns, and an array of rainbow colors ranging from dark blue to yellow. Through the use of colors in the columns that hold the corrugated roof, we identify the different areas of the terminal.
The design meets the high demands of energy saving and cost-effectiveness, besides being great aesthetically.
[edit] Flexibility
The form in which the different spaces of the terminal have been placed also allows for its extension with little interference in the zones of operation.
[edit] Clarity
The processing of passengers is a sequence of activities from the very moment when the passenger enters the building, checks his or her luggage, makes the security check and finally boards.
The building articulates the sequential nature of this process by separating it into the different volumes or functional modules.
[edit] Natural Light
Each module is separated from the next by a space we call the "canyon." It involves the interface between the various stages of processing passengers, facilitating their orientation, which is underscored by the introduction of natural light into the building and significantly reduces dependence on artificial lighting, dramatically improving quality and perception of space.
[edit] Concept of the Landscape
Usually the terminal buildings of major airports are surrounded by ancillary elements such as parking of vehicles, power station, hotels, etc. that in no way contribute to the understanding of it.
The Barajas terminal integrates these structures prior so as not to disturb the perception and reading together, and in turn integrates the landscape, thus a different picture expresses the local character and homogeneousness. On the other hand, the sequence that incorporates the canons down the straight-line landscape to the interior space. This concept is spreading through the environment accordingly.
[edit] Spaces
The access comes at the second level, through an automatic train connecting the terminals.
The building is 1.2 km long and 5 levels high, in an easy, linear layout, with a clear sequence of spaces. Several bridges cross the gaps in which it is recognized throughout the height of the building.
With a futuristic image, the terminal has large rooms with very bright glass walls and skylights.
[edit] Materials
The striking cover is corrugated timber bamboo with metal structure.
[edit] Videos
[edit] Drawings
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[edit] Photos
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